variance

variance

Variance is also called MS, Mean Square; approximated by the sum of squares (SS) divided by the degrees of freedom (i.e., n-1); the MSE from the empty model can be thought of as roughly the average squared deviation.

    • Related Articles

    • var()

      The var() function computes the variance of a variable. Example: # Calculate the variance of Thumb var(Fingers$Thumb) # Alt: use 'data =' argument instead of '$' (produces same output) var(~Thumb, data = Fingers) Example output:

    • ANOVA

      ANOVA means ANalaysis Of VAriance; partitions variation.

    • standard deviation

      Standard deviation the square root of the variance; we generally prefer thinking about error in terms of standard deviation because it yields a number that makes sense using the original scale of measurement.

    • Mean Square (MS)

      Mean Square (MS) is also called variance; approximated by the sum of squares (SS) divided by the degress of freedom (i.e., n-1); the MSE from the empty model can be thought of as roughly the average squared deviation.

    • print()

      The print() function will print out, or make visible in the output, any contents in the argument. Example 1: The print() function can be helpful for annotating code output. Put content in "quotations" to avoid error messages. print("Analysis of ...