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Data
Data Data are recorded observations, measurements, or information collected to answer questions, test hypotheses, or make decisions. In statistics and data science, data are the raw material we analyze to discover patterns, relationships, and ...
data frame
Data frame is an R object. It stores data in rows and columns.
Data Generating Process (DGP)
Data Generating Process (DGP) The Data Generating Process (DGP) refers to the underlying mechanism—real or hypothetical—that produces the data we observe. A DGP specifies how variables are related, how randomness enters the system, and how observed ...
observations
Observations are sometimes called cases or objects or research units, observations are the things that we are interested in studying. For example, a psychologist might study people, an economist might study businesses, a sociologist might study ...
Appendix of Data Frames Used in Course Textbook
All data frames listed below are automatically preloaded when you run library(coursekata). Link to full repository of R documentation: https://www.rdocumentation.org/ Data Frame Name and Link to R Documentation Ames BikeCommute FatMice18 Fingers ...